International Logistics Industry

In a global economy, the movement of goods and materials is very crucial for the success of a company. More often, the materials are process in another place that is it is needed that these materials be ship. When one wants to be known globally, it will market its products around the world, thus the right timing of shipment is necessary for profit. Logistics is a business that started in 1950. Logistics industry takes care of supplying different materials and shipping out products. . It is the science of process and incorporates all industry sectors.   Logistics can be defined as having the right quantity at the right time for the right price. It is the science of process and incorporates all industry sectors. The goal of logistic work is to manage the fruition of project life cycles, supply chains and resultant efficiencies (.Wikipedia). Creating a balance between financial, environmental and societal growth is a difficult task but is very critical if one company would like to make sure that they are to stay for a long time in the market.   Competition becomes beneficial for one company when because without it there will be no need for innovations and changes in the industry. Consumers have a choice thus companies are always evolving to make their products and company more appealing. In the logistics industry, these consumers are companies of other industry that is aiming for a global market. In any given industry, there are some industry norms that set how a company in a specific industry sets their capital structure (Brackers, 2004). This is also synonymous to the level of business risk to be undertaken that would be acceptable in the industry. These industry norms should serve as guides for the companies included in the industry and not to be followed blindly as there are always exceptions in any rules. The stability of the alliance between the two companies must be ensured because it would play a key role in determining the flow of development of the products being developed. It must be ensured that the manpower working from both companies are both have the proper knowledge needed for the development of the product, who are willing to give their best effort to make sure that deadlines are met. There should also be consistency in the manpower handling the project because the next person place could not know all the information like the former. The key to a successful partnership is inter-dependency. Business done through the aid of an internet is called electronic commerce. This kind of business has boomed in the 21st century with the massive availability of personal computers and laptops. Everything happens in the internet, anything that one could think of. There is internet shopping, online education and internet banking and so many more (Yingli, Lalwani and Aryee, 2005). Now even logistics services have their own website for easy verification of would be customers. Every company has their own strategy but the burden lies in properly executing this strategies. Chapman (2004) has concluded that almost ninety percent of companies fail in properly executing their strategies. Studies show that when CEO’s who have failed have been interviewed said that the thing that led them to downfall was the bad execution of strategies that they have formulated. Only fourteen percent of those included in Times 1000 companies have commented that they are implementing good strategies. One strategy that successful logistics companies are using now is Rate Explorer.   Rate explorer is a system us to prepare customer quotations. Rate explorer has a total of thirty-five contracts inbound and outbound operations within the region of the United States of America.   One company that relies on them is Mallory Alexander. This company has been voted as one of the 2006 Top 100 3PL ((Third Party Logistics company). This award is a big boost on their image because this award is based o the opinions of major shippers in the industry. This award was given by Inbound Logistics magazine (http://www.pr.com/press-release/17317). Anyone entering a business would want it to last as long as it could be but if one would not be open to modernization they would not be able to carry on. An innovation does not mean that the past would be completely forgotten. In business, creativity and patience is needed to sustain it and make sure that one would stay for a long time. Logistics industry knows how powerful technological developments are. Some companies within this industry are also looking at the avenue of electronic commerce to help them in gaining a greater profit and more customers. New corporate strategies and processes are required to cope up with this change. Managing business risk is important, new avenues should prove to be effective for the logistic company and not a liability. Business risk refers to the inherent risk in the firm before debt is introduced to the picture. Business risk is caused by such factors as inflation, interest rates, economic periods, fixed versus variable costs, volatility of input costs, ability to change prices, and sensitivity of sales to economic factors. High levels of Business risk determine the degree of the volatile of sales and the changes in EBIT as dictated by the change in sales. The degree of business risk a company or industry takes is directly proportional to the volatility of the EBIT that they could get (Brackers, 2004). Success is nothing if you can not measure it. A company lay down factors or guidelines for their services and manpower in order for them to gauge if they met their goals or if there is a problem within and how to address it. There are factors that need to be considered when one company tries to check if its service and manpower are able to meet the goals and objective set.   Implementation and evaluation would play a crucial part in determining the outcome of the logistics industries venture in e-commerce. Reference: Logistics. (n.d.). Wikipedia. Retrieved November 05, 2006, from Answers.com Web site:   http://www.answers.com/topic/logistics-2 Brackers, Kevin. (2004 November 17). Chapter 13: Capital Restructure. Pittsburg State University. Retrieved November 04, 2006 from http://www.pittstate.edu/econ/ch12326.html Chapman, Alan. (2004). Strategy Implementation and Realization. Farsight Leadership Ltd. Businessball.com. Retrieved November 04, 2006 from http://www.businessballs.com/businessstrategyimplementation.htm Mallory Alexander press release. 08 Sept 2006. Retrieved November 04, 2006 from http://www.pr.com/press-release/17317 De Busscher, Lucien. 2002. Opportunities and Challenges for Logistics Service Providers in Europe. PWC Consulting. PricewaterhouseCoopers. Retrieved November 04, 2006 from http://www.eyefortransport.com/ResArticles/logistics_eng.pdf Vate, John Vande and Amy Ward. The Ins and Outs of Outsourcing.   Executive masters International Logistics. Retrieved November 04, 2006 from http://www.emil.gatech.edu/news-events/article.php?aid=177 Yingli Wang, Chandra Lalwani and   Gilbert Aryee. E-business Enabled Customised Logistics Sustainability. 2005 IEEE International Conference on Service Operations and Logistics, and Informatics. August 10-12, 2005, Beijing, China. Retrieved November 04, 2006 from http://www.ssglobal.org/2005/ProgramAbstract.pdf

Pride and Prejudice is considered a classic novel Essay

Throughout high school, students are asked to read classic novels for book reports and essays. Many of them are unsure of what aspects a book must possess in order to be considered a true classic. Mostly, the majority of students are reluctant about reading these classic novels because they assume the novels will be lackluster compared to modern literature. However, many of them would be pleasantly surprised after reading some of the books that are considered classic. Clare Washbrook, a member of the National Association of Teacher of English, considers a classic novel to be moral, truthful, appealing, and relevant. Analyzing these aspects will prove that Pride and Prejudice is a classic novel. Morality is a common theme throughout many classic novels. Clare Washbrook believes that â€Å"a classic novel will usually say something of value and draw attention to human problems† (en.allexperts.com). These novels will teach a lesson within the text. Pride and Prejudice repeatedly portrays the pride and vanity that is a common human problem within literature. â€Å"A person may be proud without being vain. Pride relates more to our opinion of ourselves, vanity to what we would have others think of us,† (Austen page?). The text helps to prove that if pride is put aside, happiness can be achieved. When Darcy puts his pride aside and confesses his love for Elizabeth, it sets forth a series of events that in the end bring them together. Morality is an obvious necessary component of a classic novel, but truthfulness helps connect the reader to the story being told. Truthfulness should appear in any novel considered classic. ClareWashbrook mentions that it is important to believe what is being said. This is a significant characteristic because the reader must connect with the text. The literature must be believable otherwise a reader will not be able to understand or visualize what is occurring. The content of Pride and Prejudice is sincere because many events that occur can be related to modern day. â€Å"I love him. Indeed he has no improper pride. He is perfectly amiable,† (Austen 314). At this point in the book, Elizabeth speaks to her father about marrying Mr. Darcy. Her father was questioning her love because she once loathed him. Elizabeth removes her prior prejudice and sees the true side of Mr. Darcy. Thing of this nature occur in society quite often. The  truthfulness of a novel adds to the connection a reader feels with the writing. Lastly, a classic novel must have lasting relevance. Audiences should be able to connect with what is being said at any time period. Clare Washbrook states that â€Å"[the novel] should†¦ display universal constants† (en.akkexperts.com). Some examples of universal constants provided by Clare Washbrook include love, fear, and death. Pride and Prejudice portrays examples of love and fear throughout he novel, which are two very familiar aspects of humans. Bingley and Jane are in love. Darcy is falling in love with Elizabeth. Darcy wants to avoid falling in love with Elizabeth because he has too much pride in himself and is fearful of what may happen if he falls in love. These events are fairly significant to the modern world. The characteristics of classic literature may be unclear to many students, but it is certain that these novels are moral, truthful, and relevant to today’s society. Although young readers are often reluctant about reading classics, many times they end up enjoying them because they have more substance than modern literature. Though the aspects of a classic novel are debatable, there is no doubt that Pride and Prejudice is considered a timeless classic. Works Cited Washbrook, Clare. â€Å"Literature: Fahrenheit 451.† All Experts. 11 Sept. 2007. .

Comparison Between Milo Horlicks and Bornevita

MILO BRANDING: Milo brand is the world’s leading chocolate malt beverage that can be prepared with hot or cold milk or water. Given its popularity it is a â€Å"must have† product for food service operators particularly in Asia, Africa and Oceania. Loved and trusted by parents and kids alike, Milo products offer essential vitamins and minerals: * calcium for strong teeth and bones * iron to carry oxygen to the body’s cells * vitamin A for healthy eye sight * vitamins B1 and B2 to help release energy from foods * Vitamin C to keep skin and gums in good shape.REF:(www. nestle. com/brands/allbrands/milo_foodservice). Origin: Milo was originally developed by Thomas Mayne in Sydney, Australia in 1934. It is marketed and sold in many countries around the world. Product availability: It is marketed and sold in many countries around the world (worldwide) (Ref :WIKI) Malted barley is one of the key ingredients that give MILO the unique great taste and crunch you love. It is naturally rich in carbohydrates (including starches and maltose), the preferred energy source for the brain, nervous system and working muscles.Including calcium, MILO contains 6 essential vitamins and minerals. Together with milk it is a nutrient rich drink for active kids. A glass of MILO and milk is: – High in protein – Low GI – Nutrient rich – particularly calcium where it provides nearly 50% of Recommended Daily Intake (RDI). REF: (http://www. milo. com. au/products/milo/) check this website below â€Å"DID YOU KNOW† PACKING: Package available, aging by replacing the old one with adding the interesting picture.Before this, Milo packaging only have their brand name, but nowadays Milo have been through the transformation by using faces of national athletes to attract more customers. Besides, Milo also has adding more colorful color beside of  their green color which is their main color. This improvement can attract children to drink Milo. B y doing this transformation Milo will be more up to date and can build loyal customer and as well as to be more different than their competitor such as Oligo Cocowhich are using the same green color for their packaging.Milo product enhancement Milo has realized and able to fulfill customer needs, so that they produce 3 in 1Milo from the normal powder Milo. This is for the customers that do not have enough time or in rush because they only need a short time to make it. This is because 3 in 1Milo already has added creamer and sugar for consumer convenience. Even kids also can do it by themselves because it already complete and they do not have to add anything. Add more ingredients To differentiate Milo from other product they have produce a healthy Milo by adding cereal in Milo Fuze.This Milo is very suitable for consumer that concern about healthy and on diet because cereal can avoid people from feeling hungry and contain fiber that good for digestion. Milo also contains a lot of nut rition which does notcontained in the other competitor’s product such as Oligo Coco. Oligo Coco is just a normal chocolate malt drink and they do not have nutrition such as Milo. (http://www. scribd. com/doc/26214574/15/Information-in-Milo-Packaging) HORLICKS BRANDING: Horlicks is the name of a company and of a malted milk hot drink.It is manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline and it is available in the United Kingdom, South Africa, New Zealand, Bangladesh, India, Pakistan and Jamaica, and under licence in the Philippines and Malaysia. Horlicks has been the most leading brand leading and the most famous healthy food drink brand across the world and as well as in Bangladesh. ORIGIN: Product Origin: product of England (check this not sure). PACKING: This gave GSK the thought of unifying the logo, packaging and designing across all the product categories of Horlicks.The new look and design have evolved from consumer research across the segments along with attributes of the brand. The e lements in the new design are: – * The ‘Wave’ on the packaging shows the ‘activity’ of a person * The visual of milk and wheat shows the nourishing capabilities of Horlicks * Blue and orange colours have been part of the Horlicks family for many years and strongly help to identify the brand * The new logo also plays a role in reinforcing the trust and equity of the brand among the consumers The packaging in a plastic jar instead of a glass bottle is a way to make the brand easier to handle and use.A uniform size and shape for all bottles would also help in reducing the costs of producing different sized bottles. Customer choice of Horlicks is higher than any other food drink. BOURN vita BRANDING: Bournvita is the name of a brand of malted and chocolate malt drink and manufactured by Cadbury country of origin: United kingdom UK. The brand has been an enduring symbol of mental and physical health ever since it was launched. This layered with the great Cadbury chocolate taste has made the brand distinct from other offerings.It is hardly surprising then, that Bournvita enjoys a major presence in the Malt Food market. http://www. cadburyindia. com/in/en/brands/beverages/bournvita. aspx Most mothers would get a huge sense of relief on watching their child gulp down a full glass of milk. But in reality, without Vitamin D, calcium is not fully absorbed from milk. Earlier, sunlight was the major source of Vitamin D for children. But today, as their activities are mostly confined indoors, the daily dosage of Vitamin D may not be fulfilled.The new and enhanced Cadbury Bournvita is specially enriched with Vitamin D, so you can depend on it to bring out the goodness of calcium in milk. Cadbury Bournvita, with the additional combination of vitamin C, iron and other essential vitamins and minerals helps multiply the power of milk. http://www. cadburybournvita. in/ Product: Cadbury India Ltd launched Cadbury Bournvita, a chocolate health drink in 1947 in India. But even before launching its new health product in the Indian market, Bournvita was one of the most loved chocolate drinks around the world.Brown because its brown in colour & Vita because it has lots of vitamins. Bournvita is all about. a nutritional drink which acts as a dietary supplement providing nourishment along with good taste & flavors. For today’s kids who detest milk in its pure state unless flavored, this is an ideal drink. It has its own unique flavor, and the taste is rich and full-bodied. So easy to prepare, just instant mix it into your milk. Even a child can manage this for himself when he is in a hurry to run off to play!Many children I have known just scoop up a spoonful of Bournvita fine granules into their mouth and crunch away happily†¦goes to prove its taste bud friendly value for kids. Ingredients: Malt extracts, sugar, cocoa powder, milk solids, liquid glucose, vitamins, Bourn Vitaaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s nutritional facts: 1) Gives p rotein. 2) Provides Vitamin A, Vitamin C & Vitamin B12. 3) Contains Calcium, Iron & Folic Acid. 4) It also provides our body with Niacin, pyridoxine, Riboflavin, & Thiamin which is very essential for the proper working of our nervous system.Price: Normally, price is the most important element in deciding the fate of any product. While purchasing any health drinks however, a housewife or a mother who is the ultimate buyer gives price secondary importance. She will carefully study the taste & nutritive values in the health drinks. I agree that Bournvita is one of the most expensive health drinks in the market (Rs. 101 for 500gms) but still due to its good taste & great nutritive values it has captured the majority of the market. Target Market:Brown HFDaâ‚ ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s target audience has always been kids who are in the age group of 7-15. Why a HFD targets audience in this age group? The answer to this is very simple. Most of the children in this age group have casual eating habits and milk is like a curse for them. This is were a HFD comes into picture the work ofA   HFD is not only to add flavor to the milk but also act as supplement whichA   can add nutrition to their child. The other advantage of having this segment as target market is HFD are mostly taken with milk http://mgmtfunda. com/marketing-mix-4ps-for-cadbury-bournvita/#

The Principle of Legality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Principle of Legality - Essay Example Such an integrated supply chain would be especially effective if it is designed after the market knowledge is taken into consideration and the decoupling point is properly determined. The principle of legality is based upon the premise that two different kinds of initiatives can be successfully combined in improving the efficiency of the supply chain and making the agile supply chain a reality. One of these aspects is postponement and the other is information decoupling, and Naylor et al (2000) have argued that these two can be combined into a liability or the combination of both agility as well as lean capabilities into one supply chain. Agility is defined as â€Å"using market knowledge and a virtual corporation† in order to be able to exploit the most profitable opportunities within a volatile marketplace. Leanness, on the other hand, refers to the development of a value supply chain stream that ensures that all kind of waste, including any waste of time, are all eliminated.(Naylor et al, 2000:108). The supply chain is defined as a â€Å"system whose constituent parts include material suppliers, production facilities, distribution services and customers†, all of whom are linked together in a cycle where there is a forward flow of materials and a backward flow of feedback. The decoupling point is the one that separates that part of the supply chain that is oriented towards the generation of customer orders from that part which is based on planning. (Naylor et al, 2000:108) Naylor et al (2000) also point out that agile manufacturing is the best suited to meet a market situation where there is fluctuating demand, while lean manufacturing, on the other hand, requires a level schedule but when these two elements are combined with the market knowledge taken into consideration, the decoupling point can be positioned correctly. The legality approach therefore essentially attempts to incorporate lean production methods while also adapting to a fluctuating market.     

Tedlow's Three Stage Model Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tedlow's Three Stage Model - Essay Example It was a sore neck that introduced Janine Charles to the world of Wal-medicine.Her search for a local doctor's office gave her an address that turned out to be a Super Wal-Mart in Orlando, Florida.She thought about giving up and trying another address, but she instead went inside the store and wandered around.Inside, she found that space formerly used to house a small video arcade had been transformed into a medical clinic. She ended up paying $90 for an examination and a shot of muscle relaxants. Had she gone to a traditional doctor's office, the same treatment would have cost her $200. In most emergency rooms, the treatment would have cost over $500. Even better, this clinic accepted Ms. Charles' insurance. If you also factor in the fact that Ms. Charles could do her grocery shopping in that store while she waited for the pharmacy to fill a prescription for her, you suddenly have a very convenient trip (Rowland).While Ms. Charles visited a clinic that was staffed by a doctor, most of the clinics inside Wal-Mart, Target, and other big-box retailers feature nurse practitioners, who can write prescriptions in most states. The retailers do not enter the world of medical care as part of their own corporate activities, but simply lease the space to clinics. It's not just the big-box retailers who are looking into clinics, either. Because of the losses due to mail-order pharmacies and big-box retail sales, drugstore chains are also opening clinics. Rite Aid Corp., Brooks Eckerd Pharmacy, and Osco Drugs are all entering partnerships to open clinics, and Walgreen Co., the pharmacy chain with the most sales volume in the United States, is also negotiating a deal to have Take Care Health Systems LLC operate clinics in some of their retail locations. The retailers who are leasing space to these clinics hope to make profit not just from the leases themselves, but from the ancillary shopping that will go on while people wait for their prescriptions to be filled, or wait fo r their appointment to be called. It is similar logic to those grocery stores and big-box retailers who have leased space to banks, hair salons, postal service kiosks, and fast-food restaurants (Moewe). Doctors' associations, as one might expect, have raised objections about the possible problems with this type of medical care. While nurse practitioners can treat a number of simple illnesses, the American Medical Association notes that simple symptoms can be indicative of any number of serious illnesses. The primary concern of many customers, however, is a combination of convenience and cost. Doctors' offices are often seen as insensitive when it comes to a patient's time, often making customers wait significant amounts of time past their scheduled appointments. Also, the simple cost, especially for the uninsured, of an ordinary visit to the doctor's office can easily exceed $200 - and since these clinics charge rates starting at $25, depending on what the customer needs, it is easy to see that these clinics will draw many customers away from their physicians (Spencer). What factors should companies use when considering whether or not to enter the doc-in-a-box game Tedlow's three-stage model of marketing, whereby marketers move from fragmentation to mass marketing to segmentation, can be instructive here (Ellickson). Market fragmentation can be defined as "the emergence of new market segments with distinct needs and requirements out of previously homogenous segments. These new segments limit the usefulness of mass marketing and erode brand loyalty" (Dictionary of Marketing Terms). The doc-in-a-box concept still seems to be either in the latter stages of this fragmentation stage or the initial stages of the mass marketing stage. Traditionally, the relationship between patient and doctor has given the doctor a considerable

Regression Analysis Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Regression Analysis - Research Paper Example It is an effective tool of mathematical analysis, which allows estimation and evaluation to the nearest proximity compared to the past. It also allows predicting a certain future value through comparison and combination of two or more variables. Usually, hypotheses are taken up for case estimation and evaluation which involve plotting of various variables dependent on the time factor. Regression models can be both linear and non linear in nature. Response variables are generated by the comparison of numerous variables that are involved in the computational process. Response variable is of quantitative nature and derived as result of other variables tested and compared amongst each other. Regression analysis is used for predicting certain event (mostly the dependent variable), its outcome in terms of numerical percentage and value in combination with other variables (independent) which might be elements of the present time (Seber & Lee, 2012). Equations are derived which contain both the dependent and independent variables, against some constant. Regression analysis equations are linear in nature. The function so obtained is a straight line, in form of linear equation. Often the natures of the dependent variables have direct impact on the kind of final linear equation being yielded. In case of the dependent variable being dichotomous, the logistic form of regression is handy in such cases for evaluation of the linear plots. When multiple independent variables are up against one dependent variable, it constitutes standard linear multiple regression (Hill & Lewicki, 2006). In such cases, the single dependent variable can be compared one on one against the respective independent variable. Numbers of variables are set against each other and each of them affects the other directly. For example in case of stock exchange the stability of and sound running of stocks are dependent on various external factors, which can include the economic condition, the security and saf ety, any major political decisions in the governmental corridors. Any unexpected decisions are ascribed to the rise or fall in the stocks value. In this case, the stock market is one variable which is dependent on number of variables that are aforementioned. Each of these variables, both dependent and independent are plotted against a graph with x-axis representation and y-axis along a straight linear line. Stocks standing = Stable Market, Political decisions, other variables plus a Constant. For any economic factor indication, the variables that can be taken in to account include the net flow of income at a particular instance of time, the dependent variables on the fixed amount, the surplus amount in form of the revenue generated and the possible depreciation of the capital. All these are equated and compared against each other in form of plot to estimate the future trends. Mostly, it involves number of variables being operated upon; however at a particular instance of time when o ne variable is under observation, it constitutes a simple regression analysis scenario. For example in case of an individual’s average spending against his profession, his resources, his requirements, all these alone make for attributes which are evaluated and analyzed for a certain desired future scenario through the regression tool of estimation. If for a given scenario, more number of

James Cameron-Deepsea Challenge Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

James Cameron-Deepsea Challenge - Research Paper Example Even though the respective journey’s the bottom of Marianas Trench were separated by nearly 50 years, the main scientific mission for each were strikingly similar. The first journey to the bottom of the trench too place in 1960. This mission, staffed by Jacques Piccard and Navy Lt. Don Walsh was specifically interested to determine whether or not sea life, or life of any kind, could survive at such crushing depths. As a result of the descent and the length of time that was budgeted on the bottom of the sea floor, Walsh and Piccard only had 20 minutes in which to capture any video or photo proof of life existing at that depth. Sadly, as a result of all of the silt that they had stirred up on their way down, no convincing photographic or video proof was able to be provided. Yet, before the craft began its long voyage back to the surface, Walsh is said to have spotted a flatfish; something that many scholars then dismissed as impossible due to the great pressure and depths that e xisted at the bottom of the Marianas Trench. Many individuals would further state that what Walsh saw was not a flatfish but instead a type of sea cucumber. Further, the first voyage took place in an Italian/German made submersible that was named the Trieste. This particular submersible was far ahead of its time and leverage many life support systems and backup systems to ensure that the individuals onboard could maintain life support even in the event of an unexpected occurrence at great depth. Further, as compared to the submersible that Cameron took to the bottom of the trench, the Trieste weighed a staggering 13 metric tons. By means of comparison, Cameron’s craft was much smaller and only allowed for a single individual to pilot it to the bottom of the depth. However, like the Trieste, the DeepSea Challenger was outfitted with the very latest technology and had a great many systems and subsystems dedicated to sustaining life support even in the event that a primary syste m failed. Further, the DeepSea Challenger was specifically designed for the trip to the bottom of the Marianas Trench; whereas the Trieste was not tailor made for the task of going to the bottom of the Marianas Trench. Nonetheless, both submersibles were able to successfully complete their respective journeys without incident. Rather than being ballasted by gasoline and detachable water cylinders, the DeepSea Challenger was ballasted by refillable water ballasts alongside a backup dissolving ballast should the water ballasts fail to remove on the trip back to the surface. As a means of comparing the trip itself, Cameron’s craft made the roundtrip voyage in just a little over 7 hours time. By means of comparison, the 1960s crew made the trip in a combined 5 ? hours. The time differential can most effectively be explained by a discussion and consideration of the fact that Cameron spent a significantly longer period of time at the ocean’s floor as compared to those within the Trieste. As compared to the journey of the Trieste Cameron’s craft experienced some technical difficulty as he sprung a very small leak at the great depths of the Marians Trench; therefore he found it expeditious to forego the gathering of ocean floor samples that he had previously planned on collecting. With that being said, as compared to Walsh and Piccard, Cameron was no able to find any proof of

Strategic Management and Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Strategic Management and Leadership - Essay Example â€Å"GM’s OnStar subsidiary is the industry leader in vehicle safety, security and information services† (Company Q2 report, 2009). I would now begin this report by giving an in-depth and thorough internal and external analysis of General Motors that led it to its decision to withdraw from its European Operations. General Motors’ automobile production and sales business was greatly affected by global economic downturn. The economic meltdown across the world and the financial crunch adversely affected the business and sales volume of most of the corporate entities and businesses across the globe. General Motors also felt the pinch of this turmoil and observed a decline in sales and profits because of falling demand of its brands. The increasing levels of unemployment, subsequent reduction in incomes and purchasing power because of higher energy and oil prices increased the inflation that forced consumers to reduce their spending and increase saving. In short, sales decreased considerably and GM with high overheads found it difficult to assimilate the shock. Higher costs of production in European countries where company’s plants are located, weak British pound and â€Å"unfavorable mark-to-market commodity hedging† (company Q1 financial report, 2009) are others reasons that added to the miseries of GM. In short, the General Motor’s financial position became so weak which compelled It to announce its Bankruptcy on June 1 (2009). The money losing units of General Motors in Europe are Opel and Vauxhall. These units observed a drastic reduction in sales (from around 2.2 mn in 2007 to 2.04 in 2008) and profits which tumbled from positive 0.357$ bn (EBT) in 2006 to negative 2$ bn in 2009 (company Q1 financial report, 2009). The sharp reduction in sales and resulting mammoth losses forced GM to sell off its European Operations (Opel and Vauxhall) to an Austrian-Canadian automotive group Magna and its Russian partner

Ethics Awareness Inventory Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics Awareness Inventory Analysis - Essay Example Therefore, acting according to ones instincts is necessary and ethical (Lennick, D., & Kiel, F. 2005). I also believe inspiring individuals to improve their lives and grow is important compared to increasing business profits; through inhumane business practices like reshaping or traditional downsizing. Generally, I work with business ideas and policies which ensure equal opportunities and equal respect for all the employees in the family business. The knowledge I acquired during my study guide my thinking that business decisions are ethical only if they support the free choice of people, respect employee rights and supports creativity. In reference to obligation assessment, all businesses should comply with internationally proclaimed human rights. Besides, a sustainable business should not be complicit in the abuse of employee rights. In addition, the business is expected to maintain a good forward and backward linkages in the supply chain. These enhances the productivity of workers and result to profits (Lennick, D., & Kiel, F. 2005). However, my ethical viewpoint is not without any challenges especially when addressing ethical dilemmas in both personal settings and business. In most instances what I think is the appropriate approach is not applicable in the short-term choice. Hence, sustainability and conflict resolution at work place require a holistic approach to management of employee and employer relationships. Good business ethical practices embedded in business policies increase business

Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men Essay John Steinbeck (1902-1968), born in Salinas, California, came from a family of moderate means. He worked his way through college at Stanford University but never graduated. In 1925, he went to New York, where he tried for a few years to establish himself as a free-lance writer, but he failed and returned to California. After publishing some novels and short stories, Steinbeck first became widely known with Tortilla Flat (1935), a series of humorous stories about Monterey paisanos. Steinbecks novels can all be classified as social novels dealing with the economic problems of rural labour, but there is also a streak of worship of the soil in his books, which does not always agree with his matter-of-fact sociological approach. Throughout high school and college, Steinbeck took summer jobs working as a ranch hand. These jobs were extremely important to his literary career. Memories of his work on ranches would furnish the background for Of Mice and Men. John Steinbeck’s grandparents owned ranches in the King City area and in Hollister. Samuel and Eliza Hamilton, his mother’s parents, owned a ranch in the hills east of King City, the southern part of the Salinas Valley. John Steinbeck spent a part of every summer at this ranch, doing chores, taking care of the animals, and exploring the land. A typical day for ranch children began at 5:00 AM. Certain chores needed to be completed before the family and ranch hands had breakfast, including hauling water from the well, feeding the horses, and collecting wood for the stove. The children then walked to school. Some attended a one-room schoolhouse with a teacher, while others gathered at a neighbouring ranch to be taught by mothers and relatives. The children were at school for about four hours before returning home to work on the ranch. The younger children fed and cared for the chickens, goats, or pigs. Older children, about 14 years or older, worked with the adults to harvest the crops or herd the cows. Older girls usually took care of their younger siblings while the adults worked in the fields or the livestock. Ranch families would travel to the nearest town to purchase supplies and ools, go to church, and visit family members. The frequency of these trips depended on how far away they were from town. For example, ranchers in Big Sur would only go to town once every three to six months, depending on the weather and their needs. For many families, this trip took an entire day or longer. Ranchers also received supplies from travelling salesmen, livestock traders, migrant labour, and veterinarians. There were two types of ranches that existed in the Salinas Valley in the 1920s/30s: these ranches could be distinguished from each other by their location in the valley. The first type was located low on the green fertile valley floor. Hill ranches, the second type, were usually nestled up higher in the rocky and dusty terrain of the foothills of the surrounding mountains. The ranches on the valley floor were characteristically agricultural since they had more water. The rich soil and mild year-round climate lent itself to raising the lettuce and vegetables that the Salinas Valley is famous for. The ranch in The Red Pony was modelled after the second type of ranch, the hill ranch. Hill ranches were primarily interested in the cattle industry. Since there was often a shortage of water at the higher elevations, the hill-ranchers raised cattle instead of the thirsty crops that lined the valley floor. These ranches were usually quite a bit further from town than the valley floor ranches, and this added to the hardships brought on by drought years and supply shortages. The Great Depression was the great economic crisis that is said to have been started because of the U. S. stock-market crash in 1929. The prices on the Wall Street stock market fell a lot from October 24 to October 29, 1929. Many people lost their jobs. By 1932, 25–30% of people lost their jobs. They became homeless and poor. This ended the wealth of the Roaring Twenties. Many people think that the Great Depression started on Black Tuesday, but Black Tuesday was just an underlying problem that would help cause the Depression. From 1929-1932, the depression worsened. Many suspect that increased taxes on American citizens and the increased tariffs (taxes on countries that trade with the United States) worsened it. Economist Milton Friedman said that the Great Depression was worsened because the Federal Reserve printed out less money than usual. When the Great Depression started, Herbert Hoover was the president of the United States, and as a result, he was blamed for it. People voted for a new president in 1932. His name was Franklin D. Roosevelt. Roosevelt got the government to pass many new laws and programs to help people who were hurt by the Great Depression. These programs were called the New Deal. One of these programs was the Civilian Conservation Corps or CCC. The CCC put many young men to work in the outdoors. The men were paid 1 dollar a week to work, and they got free food and shelter. Another one of these programs was called Social Security. Social Security gave old people a small income so they had money for things they needed. The Great Depression was really bad, but with everyones help, it would get better. Between 1939 and 1944, more people had jobs again because of World War II, and the Great Depression came to an end. An important reason for the Great Depression was the Treaty of Versailles. The Treaty of Versailles made the United States very rich. Britain and France both gave large amounts of money to the U. S. , and Germany had to pay a great amount of money for the damage they had done in World War I. However, it was this wealth that began the stock market crash. Even after the Wall Street Crash of 1929, people still had hope. John D. Rockefeller said, These are days when many are discouraged. In the 93 years of my life, depressions have come and gone. Prosperity has always returned and will again. But soon the bad effects of the depression grew worse and worse. People lost jobs, money, and homes. There were reports that in Germany and the United States, there was great hunger, disease, and even starvation. In previous depressions, farmers were usually safe from the severe effects of a depression because they could at least feed themselves. Unfortunately, during the Great Depression, the Great Plains were hit hard with both a drought and horrendous dust storms. Years and years of overgrazing combined with the effects of a drought caused the grass to disappear. With just topsoil exposed, high winds picked up the loose dirt and whirled it for miles. The dust storms destroyed everything in their paths, leaving farmers without their crops. Small farmers were hit especially hard. Even before the dust storms hit, the invention of the tractor drastically cut the need for manpower on farms. These small farmers were usually already in debt, borrowing money for seed and paying it back when their crops came in. When the dust storms damaged the crops, not only could the small farmer not feed himself and his family, he could not pay back his debt. If you migrated to California during this decade, you were among some 1. 3 million workers who made the trek, according to the University of California-Davis Rural Migration News from 2003. Not only did the states more hospitable temperatures draw farmers, but California also boasted a more diverse array of crops from cotton and peas to lemons and oranges. Once you reached California, you continued to be transient. This was the case because you basically followed the harvest, travelling from place to place to harvest whatever crop was in season. Earlier in the decade, there was a mentality that workers would be provided with the barest means, such as poor food, and then simply sent on their way, according to UC-Davis. With reform, that changed and migrant worker camps were established; essentially, these were a federally sponsored network of camps that provided shelter as well as health care, work counselling and food. Though these camps mandated that workers volunteer a specified amount of time, you didnt just work; you also had opportunities to play, according to the Library of Congress. It reports that there was a sense of culture that flourished in the camp. Music served as one of the biggest recreational activities; popular among workers were traditional Anglo-Celtic ballads, as well as early country works by the likes of Gene Autry. Music was created during this period by artists like Mary Sullivan and Jack Bryant, who documented what it was like to be a migrant in song. If you were a worker travelling from Mexico during this time, or an American of Mexican ethnic origin, you made far less than your white counterparts on the same job, according to the Oakland Museum of California. That being said, you still earned more in the states than you did in Mexico during this time. Mexican-American migrants patched together shelter from anything they could find, be it burlap, canvas or branches. Though its estimated that in the 1920s, 75% of migrant workers were of Mexican origin, as the country fell into the Great Depression, white workers took over their jobs, leaving many Mexican-Americans unemployed. Your work options expanded with the advent of World War II. For this reason, migrant work became far less necessary and, in turn, far less desirable. Many former migrant workers, according to the Library of Congress, went overseas to serve in the war. Still others supported the war effort stateside, taking on positions at coastal shipyards or at defence plants. The average family income dropped 40 percent between 1929 and 1933, and while men took second jobs or searched for better-paying employment in an oversaturated market, most of their wives stayed home and struggled with what Eleanor Roosevelt called endless little economies and constant anxieties. At the bottom of the middle class, women worried about losing their homes and falling back into the class of renters in Indianapolis, more than half the families with mortgages had defaulted on them by 1934. Those higher on the economic ladder simply had to figure out how to keep up appearances without the help of servants (an ad for bleach showed a pair of elegant hands in a tub of dirty laundry and asked: doing it yourself these days? ) The marriage rate dropped. The nation declared a truce in its war on spinsterhood, and magazines once again ran articles about women who found happiness in life without a husband. Live Alone And Like It was a bestseller. Do you realize how many people in my generation are not married? asked Elsa Ponselle, who was working as a teacher when the Chicago school system ran out of money and started paying its staff in IOUs. Her own boyfriend, a commercial artist, vanished when he was laid off from his job. Societys fight against contraceptives came to a virtual halt as well, partly because of national outcries against women on the dole who continued to have babies. In 1936, the federal court struck down all federal restrictions against birth control, in a case memorably named U. S. v One Package of Japanese Pessaries. The birth rate plunged so low that for the first time in American history the nation was not replacing itself. Bertha Thompson, who called herself Boxcar Bertha’, estimated that 500,000 to 2 million people were hoboes in the 1930s, and that perhaps a tenth of them were women. Most travelled in pairs, Thompson said, either with a man or another woman. But mainly, the women who took to the roads were with their families. Peggy Terry, who travelled as a migrant worker, remembered seeing a Hooverville in Oklahoma. Here were all these people living in old, rusted-out car bodies. I mean that was their home. There were people living in shacks made of orange crates. One family with a whole lot of kids were living in a piano box. This wasnt just a little section: this was maybe ten miles long and ten miles wide. The issue of whether married women should work was chewed over constantly in the newspapers and womens magazines, with the consensus coming down on the side of not. A federal law, passed during the Depression, prohibited the employment of married persons whose spouses also worked for the government. Of the people forced to quit, three quarters were women (Eleanor Roosevelt called the law a very bad and foolish thing government salaries, she argued, were so low, a family needed two incomes just to get along). Legislators in twenty-six states introduce laws completely banning the hiring of married women, although only Louisiana actually passed a law, and it was quickly declared unconstitutional. More than three quarters of the nations public school districts refused to hire married teachers unless they were male. Despite all this, the number of married women who worked continued to increase throughout the decade. Although most of these women struggled to keep poor families above water, a number were middle class and were attempting to preserve the good things they had gotten used to since World War I like electric lights and gas stoves, and the ability to keep their children in school. It was an important cultural shift that sent women into the workforce in larger and larger numbers. And for all the endless debate about whether or not it was good for society, the issue was resolved not by social theorists but by the wives themselves, determined that they and their families would not only survive but also move up. The 1930s were a turbulent time for race relations in America. Despite the decline of such organizations as the Ku Klux Klan (which had enjoyed renewed support during the 1910s and 1920s) racism was as strong as ever in the Southern states. Furthermore, as this picture alludes to, the increased presence of Black Americans in Northern cities (where many had migrated during WWII and especially during the Depression) resulted in increased tension between the races there as well. This image of a drunken African-American passed out in the middle of the city reflects the apprehension, which many rich white New Yorkers felt at the presence of so many blacks in what they considered to be their city. Many New Deal programs gave black Americans opportunities they had often lacked in the past, while also helping to bring their daily struggles to light for Northerners. Such federal programs as The Federal Music Project, Federal Theatre Project, and Federal Writers project enabled black artists to find word during the depression, often times creating art or stories, which portrayed the historic and present situation of blacks in the South. Projects chronicling the lives of former slaves were also begun under the auspices of these programs. At the same time competition for WPA (Works Project Administration) jobs in the South during the thirties also brought to light the persistence of inequality even in the government. Since the WPA required that eligible employees not have refused any private sector jobs at the prevailing wage for such jobs, African-Americans (who were paid less on average than whites in the South) might be refused WPA jobs which whites were eligible for. Such discrimination often extended to Hispanic-Americans in the Southwest as well. Despite such difficulties, WPA head Harry Hopkins worked with NAACP leaders to prevent discrimination whenever possible resulting in general support for the programs (and the government) by the black community. Black Americans also received increased visibility during this decade for less auspicious reasons, resulting in bitter political conflict within the Democratic Party. While the South had been solidly Democratic since the Civil War, the Roosevelt administration actively appealed to African-Americans to join their party, thus alienating many Southerners. The growing divide between Northern and Southern Democrats over the issue of race came to a head in April 1937, when a bitter fight over an anti-lynching bill took place in the House of Representatives. In the wake of a gruesome double lynching in Mississippi (only one of more than a hundred that had taken place since 1930) The House passed the anti-lynching resolution, despite the opposition of all but one Southern member. Declaring that the South had been deserted by the Democrats of the North, former Roosevelt supporters in the Senate carried out a six-week long filibuster that resulted in the withdrawal of the bill in February 1938. This bitter political fight was indicative of the racism and regional conflict still firmly in-trenched in America in the 1930s.

Various New Trends In Indian Music Industry Media Essay

Various New Trends In Indian Music Industry Media Essay This report is to analyze of various new trends in Indian music industry. The research is based on Sony Music Entertainment India Pvt. Ltd. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment, Inc (SMEI), New York. It is one of the most famous recording companies in the world and growing its business in India rapidly, as Indian music industry is famous for its bollywood (Indian film industry) music, and its growing business in Indian market. The organization and the country chosen in this report is to explore its recent trends and the factors which affecting the company as well as the Indian music industry (IMI). IMI is not an ordinary industry, as it is one of the important sources of revenue for Indian government. The report is focused on the Indian music industry and its new trends and pre and post conditions related to these trends. The main structure of the report is three important parts which includes four trends which are supported by various articles, journals, reports, online information and data and other various literature which support the evidence of all four trends and followed by the scenarios based on deductive approach and finally, the implications of these trends and on the basis on which conclusion is drawn. The report is completed based on knowledge acquired in the class, secondary data and the great support from Mr. Stephen McGrail. Industry and market background The reason to choose the music industry as a topic to researcher is due to the things making our attention in the world like in UK, at least 7 million people use illegal downloads, costing the economy billions of Dollars and thousands of jobs, according to a report. Which reflect that the illegal downloading is robbing the worlds economy with millions of Dollars every year and seriously damaging business, innovation and music industry throughout the world .This is something which really need attention from the masses as well the government in tackling this issues. Following figure show prominent revenue decrease in music industry from year 1999-2008:   (Figure Where is the money going? (Reason Number 3 for the Drop in Music Sales Availability Too Little or Wrong Format 2010) The issues which is making the set back to the music industry will be the future money machine in the long term prospective if they are considered reasonably i.e. in next 5 years, internet  wont be  making sales down it will create more revenue for the government as well as the music industry like Sony, etc. with the use of e-commerce means  like iTunes and YouTube. We are taking Indian music which is full of diversity due to its large population and growing economy. The market size of Indian Music industry is about Rs.777 Crores (USD 149 million) 2009. Digital market has been expanding rapidly and will lead to a trend of gradual substitution within the next 5 years. Piracy has been a problem since long in Indian market and still remains. Overall, the music industry is estimated to grow at 3% every year for next five years (Music Market 2010 the Indian Music Industry, http://www.indianmi.org/national.htm viewed 30th Sep 2010) Following figure show that the despite music revenue dropping in western countries, the music industry in India still maintains on steady growth. (Source: revenues of the music industry in India Figure shows the industry revenue of India in Crores (ten million) Figure shows the distribution of Indian music market. Film is a critical drive factor in Indian music, taking over 3/5 of the market share. International and local pop music is nearly half-half, respectively 6% and 8%. (Figure Genre wise distribution of music sales in India Music Market 2010) Organization Background. Sony Music Entertainment is the second largest recording music company in the world. It counted among the BIG FOUR music companies. Sony music was founded in 1929 with the merger of several small companies. After many acquisition and joint venture in 2008 Sony Music buys all the share of the company. The total revenue of Sony Music is 3.9 billion U.S$ with a growth of 2.2% in 2008. Sony Music entertainment signed a deal with you tube and have its own channel on you tube. Sony Music Entertainment India Pvt. Ltd is the wholly owned subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment Inc (SMEI) New York. It is the only integrated company in India, with manufacturing, marketing and distribution. Sony Music entered Indian market in 1996, which brings lots of change in Indian music industry mainly Sony creates a transparency in the music industry and focused on quality. And the most important thing Sony music exported Indian music to international audience also. Total market share of company in 2007-08 was 10 % which is, much higher than other music companies in India. The economic trend which can be seen in the Indian Market is the Rising of middle class as we know Indian is the one of the world largest economy with good purchasing power which is in the hand of the middle class as the population density of India is more toward middle class. This is effecting the Indian music industry as the buying capacity of the music gadget or the instrument which now a days mostly work on the digital storage and flash storage as they are more compact and mobile regardless of the old sources like walkman and the Disk players. Second, Indias service industry accounts for 55% of the countrys Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in which digital market growing in the steady flow. Lastly, the wealthiest of younger and there westernization as more and more go study overseas and come back with a better paid career. In which the Australia is the second largest group of overseas students in number after China. They are building a larger middle class, and also their appetite is influenced is more towards western lifestyle. Post-condition to sustain this trend in future are firstly the increasing number of legal website exists like iTunes Store for downloading and the rule and regulation will increase their extend to all these downloading site . Secondly, post-condition is the technologies in the Indian market will grow and will keep them up to the mark with the world in reference to the music software, music formats and device to play with. The pre-condition of the trend in which the companies focusing on Internet Entertainer is due young generation is turning toward the short term entertainment and they really starting love it as there million of Face book posted video which is high supported from the youth which reflect that more population involving there most of the time in day doing social-networking whether its on Laptop, desktop or Mobile. This culture is also increasing due to increasing affording capacity of this youth market. The Post condition which is required to sustain this trend are firstly , the increasing in number of IPTVs channels from the help of the internet provider. Secondly ,rising patent and copy right law and the issues related to them and last the increasing number of posted video which lead to the numbers of talents and self made celebrity. Legal trend The trend is Copyright for Remixes, where Remixes are nothing but some changes made to original songs in other words old wine in new bottle. And the most important issue is the young generation enjoys remix song more than that of original songs and it is an easy way of popularizing old forgotten songs. And as remixes are copied of already existing musical works so issue of copyright is an important issue in India. In over past few years the huge sale of this kind of music proves that people like this kind of music. And this new trends is good for both customers and Indian music industry, as customers are getting more variety of music and good for industry as it gaining new talents and upsurge in revenue, for example an old song kaanta laga is remixed and released in year 2003 by an Indian music company T-series and its has taken remixes to a new height and boom the remix market. Evidence From year 2001-2004 around 5500 cases were registered by Indian music industry and government official seized 25 lakh compact disc. And the according to the copyright act 1957 5 percentage of the share from the first print order has to be sent as royalty to the song owner (singer) Pre-Condition Pre condition that leads to this trend is that artists are start losing loyalty and they getting less money as most important task is done by them and the remix artists making lot of money. And government and Indian music industry estimated that because of piracy they had a loss of 190 million U.S dollars in terms of sales tax, excise duty, and income tax. And most important Indian consumers are suffering because they are buying poor quality of products and supporting the theft of intellectual property. Post Condition There are several post conditions of this trend like growth of more online distributors in India few e.g. Fabmart.com, soundbuzz.com, musicurry.com, vindia.com, audiofind.com, mp3.com are some of the websites frequently visited by music fans to download Indian as well as international music, musicurry.com is the only Indian portal to have obtained license to host and play Indian music online. Secondly increasing copyright protection of online contents as Indian music industry (IMI) has set up Anti-piracy team in year 2000 for internet security which is headed by a famous Indian official who has been working with IFPI to face piracy in India and the result of this IMI has managed to close five hundreds sites which enables consumers to download music illegally. IMI also focusing on Websites which are involved in streaming and downloading Indian music with the collaborations of IFPI (IFPI represents the recording industry worldwide, with a membership comprising some 1400 record companie s in 66 countries and affiliated industry associations in 45 countries) and the most important initiating actions against consumers downloading music through P2P transfers which result the famous downloading source KAZAA is closed. And for the success of all this effort retailers increasing extent of rules by government specially remix music retailers. The technological trend. This trend refers to the technology boom which leads to the strong competition in the technological market which leads to cheap and quality products. As the increases consumption of the desktop, laptop and the other digital devices in India. It brings the technology as the internet that is a significant influencer directly to the Indian music market. Especially, the online market stimulation which fulfills the customer need and bring low cost and quality of product (IMI 2005). Evidence Indian would like to use the technological devices such as iPod or other products of Apple. Even though the taxes of these products are high, they are willing to buy these products.(Carney 2010). Pre condition The pre condition to this trend is the increase in literacy rate in Indian as the most of the young generation is educating them self to sustain in the competing world and the second the amount of the foreign direct investment flowing in the India is leading to high technology development due to the technology transfer from the parent company. Post condition The post conditions to sustain this trend are firstly the technology shift from Micro to Nano devices in the reference to there size as well as the processer on which they work on and secondly as per the data the demand of the high tech product in India are increasing day by day which reflect the continuous adoption of the high-tech life style regardless of their high cost. Scenario Methodology. To analyze how the four trends interact between each other, we employ a cross-impact table in which vertical columns are active, and the horizontal ones are passive. With the help of this we will conclude the most uncertain factor to analyze the future scenario: Emerging middle class Super tech. Internet Entertainer Legal Emerging middle class Make people buy more Go for more diversified ent. More access to P.C. Net No more piracy support Super tech. More sales More iPad, iPod, iPhone, i stimulation accelerate Internet Entertainer More audience   More online recourse available Regulate and guide Legal More requirement for legal support Better guarantee Force to, lead to We are using deductive method to analyze the music industrys future scenario. We have chosen the two most uncertain factors from the cross impact table that mostly influence the future of this industry in India are: Extend of the government of rule and regulation. Adoption of high-tech life style. Extend of the government of rule and regulation. As we know that Indian is the Country with the second Largest population in the world and the government structure is very complicated which can create in the uncertainty in the adoption of the rule and regulation in Indian as whole. But in this Factor we are taking about the measuring and the extend of the rule and regulation the government impose in the country to measure and monitor the online activities. (E.g. Bit torrent) The extend of the rule which can be imposed can be on the legislation on using a musicians product in any sense (e.g. processing remix of original songs) will have to pay the copyright fee or loyalty to the musician and company as well as the artist because at the moment no one is paying for using anyone works to remake Adoption of high-tech life style. As we talked about population of the India in previous uncertainty factor ,the same things also refer here that the Indian population is very diversified in the sense of age ,cast and religion .And the adoption to the new high-tech life style is somewhere widely excepted and somewhere not. And the young population which we are mainly targeting can be ridged in some part and open in some part of India which depend on the background they came from and ultimately influence the music industry. Following figure we have shown the deductive method. In which we have taken both the uncertainty factor on the axis to find out the future scenario for the music industry. With the help of this we are able to formed four quadrants by using the uncertainty variable in which each of them stands for a possible and Negative scenario which can occurs for the Indian music industry. Description of Scenario. Scenario 1 Internet Parade Low legislation vs Low technology adoption. It very much represent the present situation of market, when nearly all the resources are available freely and people dont always pay copyright fee even if they use music products digitally i.e. downloads. This will probably happen because of low extend of the Rule and regulation from the government will favor people to hunt for free downloading site. Scenario 2 Websites Wins Low legislation vs High technology adoption Will lead to scarce of free downloadable music recourses because of high technology innovation on coding of digital information and websites start to charge for downloads or paid sign up for downloading. This will happen because there is a universal discipline when it is about resource; it would be business opportunity for the online retailer but not for the government revenue as due to low regulation. Scenario 3 Grey Market High Legislation vs. Low technology adoption Objectively there will be large amount for downloadable or transitable music products, but will be highly restricted by Government Regulation and laws. So the situation could be that the downloading or sharing behavior would convert to underground way through social network and with sharing of content through communities like face book, AOL, MSN, QQ and other chatting tools and networking sites. This will possibly happen when there is strict prevention of illegal downloading, the websites providing this would disappear and social communities and chatting tools would take relay of this thing because they are extremely popular among peers and they surely can be a good media for transmitting digital property products by friends-sharing between individuals, without offending the law. Scenario 4 Bright Era High legislation protection vs. High technology adoption. This is favorable future for music industry. Customers have to pay for all online resources, and they cannot be transited easily and the Artist and Creator wont lose their loyalty. But in real sense this is somewhat difficult to happen, because either of the legal and technology part will meet obstacle, even also the music companies work hand-in-hand with government. The concerning issues related to resistance of internet users, among who are majority brought up in an digital environment that all the transformed products should be shared freely, and ignorance and lack of consciousness of intellectual property in developing countries. And also both of their process takes long time, maybe decades to actually implement practically. Implications. Key Risk. The New technology will be at risk till it has been widely accepted or has been globalised or nationalized. The new technology will lead to the potential risk for example: the Transiting between the devices will be more difficult. In future more online retailer will play in market as its growing and will lead to the high density of completion in the digital market. Cost of the Original Music will get down due to the high technology and low inventory cost in the production of the music. Key Opportunity. Online retailer and the big music company like Sony Music will have the opportunity to work with the government hand to hand regarding the copyright issues and the other related issues to protect their right as well the artist loyalty . This digital market will give Indian music industry a new face which will be broader and full of new opportunities which will help the Indian music industry to grow worldwide. This will lead to improvement in the quality of the music and with the advancement of the technology the more file format will come for the music for example: mp3, FLV, WMV, and ACC.Many more coming in future. Conclusion. After the Depth research of the industry and the chosen market we can conclude that the growth of this industry in the future is favorable and proposed scenario may occur in which the most favorable are Grey Market and the Bright Era. The movement of the physical CDs and the DVD will decrease or we can say will demolish as we can see these days and the future will be more of the flash drives and the digital market .With the help of the technology the government will have the more power to monitor and track the online downloads and the uses will help the government to generate the more revenue from the online industry which they are losing these days. The Artist and the music producer as well the singer will be free to circulate their work or art as due to high regulation and rule on online market their work will be protected and which will give the freedom to share with the world without fear of copy or illegal Issues. Lastly we conclude that the more and more Music company will work in hand in hand with the online entertainment sites Like YouTube ,You ku, etc.

The Book Of Exodus Theology

The Book Of Exodus Theology The Book of Exodus is the second book of the Old Testament. According to dictionary, the word Exodus means, departure or emigration, usually of a large number of people. (Dictionary.com). Exodus is the continuation of the book of Genesis; it picks up where the other one left off. Genesis ended when God chose his people, the Jews of Israel. The book of Exodus can be classified into three sections: the beginning, the middle, and the end. In the beginning, the book of Exodus explains what the circumstances where the enslavement of Jews under the Pharaoh. With all the difficulty and sacrifice the chosen people of God had to go through, a Levi man married a Levite woman and gave birth to a son named Moses. During that period, the Pharaoh of Egypt had ordered, Every Hebrew boy that is born you must throw into the Nile, but let every girl live(Exodus 1:22). Being a mother, she tried to hide her baby as much as she could and then she had to let him go. After three months of hiding the baby, Moses mother put him in a papyrus basket and let him float away in between the weeds of the Nile. Moses ends up being raised by the daughter of the Pharaoh. Moses grew up and became chosen to be the deliverer of Gods people. Moses went to Pharaoh to release the Jews. Pharaoh refuses and God through Moses brings forth the ten Plagues. Each Plague did more damage than its predecessor, the last one with the death of the first born in the f amily, these even t lead to the first Passover. Moses showed the Pharaoh how power full the God of Israel is, by the partition of the Red Sea to deliver the Israelites from Pharaoh. The middle segment of the book is about journey to the land of the free. During which God gave people His Law carved on to a thick slice of stone. In spite of all the amenities given by God, the people fought against Him by making a statue of Gold and started worshiping it. The Last portion of Exodus is how God created the Ark of the Covenant, with its different aspects that He wants the people to follow including the forms of worship. RESPONSE The idea of going to church came from the book of Exodus and it is very clear. The picture being painted about the various sacrifices the Israelites have to give was part of a master plan. The Passover Lamb of God, which is the utmost sacrifice humanity, could give. The sacrifice of the Lamb is seen in various parts of the Bible. For Instance, in Genesis Abraham ends up sacrificing a ram, in Exodus, during the last plague, a lamb was sacrificed and its blood were marked on the door frame so that the Israelites would not be affected by the Plague. Imagine this, if lord had to kill the first born, how angry must have he been in order to do such a terrible thing. On another note, it is interesting see how God give the people the Ten Commandments; know which they would not be able to keep. It shows us that we are not able to abide by even the simplest of laws. Gods involvement in the people of Israel is clearly shown, through their deliverance from slavery to the food and water in the de sert. I believe that it shows that God will provide with all our needs as long as we love him with all our heart. An example of this concept is, Give, and it will be given to you (Luke 6: 38). From the book of Exodus, we understand that sin is something that never gets unpunished. Gods does punish you for our sins, sooner or later. It is implied that if we are relieved of a situation we shouldnt be in, it means that we shouldnt go back to it. Especially, it is said in Exodus about not going back to other Gods. I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery. You shall have no other Gods before me. From this it is very evident about the concept of going back to your old self. On a separate note, why did the Lord harden the Pharaohs heart? So does that mean he was showing that he was on both sides, or simply put a way to prove us that we had free will? If it was the latter than the former, why go through such extreme circumstances? Could He have made t he point with less causality? Something to definitely make us think and analyze about is the way I look at it.

The Platonic and Aristotelian Views on the Role and Status of Women in

Introduction Women’s rights and societal roles have varied throughout history. Yet, a common theme that is notable across many times and cultures is the notion that women are inferior to men. In ancient Greece, the opinion toward women followed this trend, and women were often overlooked in how they could contribute to society. It was rarely considered that the traits women share could be of use beyond their household duties. In this essay I will analyze the Platonic and Aristotelian views on the role and status of women. Although Plato and Aristotle had distinct beliefs on what women could contribute to the collective well being of society, they shared similar opinions about the genuine status that women had in comparison to men. The Platonic view advanced the idea that secluding women to the home was counter-productive to the community as a whole. As such, women should be afforded roles that stretched beyond the boundaries of the home for the benefit of the community. The Aristotelian v iew, contrastingly, believed that the natural characteristics of women, which deemed them physically and intellectually inferior to men, made the home their proper place within society. In this essay I will advance the view that through the logic constructed by both Plato and Aristotle it follows deductively that women not only have a place outside of the home but their distinctive nature can add something of value to many areas of society. A Platonic View Toward Women: A Community of Women and Children It is sometimes contended that Plato was a feminist, but his concern for women did not stem from an interest in women’s rights, but rather the usefulness women could contribute to the benefit of the community. Meaning, society would receive... ...oes not follow logically that women are intellectually inferior. The nature of women that emanates from their traditional role as mothers and caregivers can in fact not only be sufficient but necessary for the optimal functioning polis. The compassion and consideration that emanates from the nature of women could be the true keystone in wholesome state, and the highest form of collective well being that Plato and Aristotle searched for. Works Cited Aristotle. The Politics. Trans. T.A. Sinclair. Rev. ed. Trevor J. Saunders. New York: Penguin classics, 1957. Print. Bloom, Allan (1968, revised 1991). The Republic of Plato. Translated, with notes and an interpretive essay. New York: Basic Books. Magnusson, Warren. â€Å"Ancient and Medieval Political Thought.† Political Science 300A. University of Victoria. British Columbia, 4 Jan. 2012 – 21 Mar. 2012.

The Many Faces of Culture Essay -- Culture

Defining culture has been a debate among sociologists and anthropologists since the 19th century. Culture is vital for the perseverance of a society and has its own identity that distinguishes it from others. Culture is not rooted into a person from birth, but it is learned from wherever he or she is from. It acts in a subconscious manner in that when a culture differs, one society may find another society to be odd. Every society has a different culture where the people share a specific language, gesture, belief, behavior, norms, sanctions and more. Language greatly influences how we see the world. Languages shape the way we understand some aspects in life such as time, direction, space and even causality. For example, while English speakers tend to say â€Å"Lisa broke the vase,† Spanish and Japanese speakers would tend to say â€Å"the vase broke itself.† These opposing interpretations may cause different understandings of how events are perceived. Language is a part of culture and a part of behavior. According to the hypothesis of linguistic determinism (Sapir, 1956), â€Å"No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels attached.† Language and culture are so strongly connected that the precise understanding of the relationship between the two is fundamental in cross-cultural communication. Every country has a different way of greeting with one another and various kinds of gestures they share with each other. Gestures are the motions of the body to communicate with others and to express messages without using words. Gestures all vary around the globe and the meaning of ... ...e Coca-Cola Company is an example of cultural leveling because not only is Coca-Cola sold in America, but it is all across the globe such as South Korea, India and 200 other countries. The positive factor about cultural leveling is that it unifies cultures but the negative is that the cultural originality is lost. Works Cited Billikopf, Gregorio. "Cultural Differences." College of Natural Resources - UC Berkeley. 1 June 2009. Web. 08 Mar. 2011. . Jervis, Nancy. "What Is a Culture?" P-12 : NYSED. The University of the State of New York, 2006. Web. 08 Mar. 2011. . Wescott, Roger Williams. "Diffusion." NEARA Home Page. New England Antiquities Research Association, 2002. Web. 08 Mar. 2011. . The Many Faces of Culture Essay -- Culture Defining culture has been a debate among sociologists and anthropologists since the 19th century. Culture is vital for the perseverance of a society and has its own identity that distinguishes it from others. Culture is not rooted into a person from birth, but it is learned from wherever he or she is from. It acts in a subconscious manner in that when a culture differs, one society may find another society to be odd. Every society has a different culture where the people share a specific language, gesture, belief, behavior, norms, sanctions and more. Language greatly influences how we see the world. Languages shape the way we understand some aspects in life such as time, direction, space and even causality. For example, while English speakers tend to say â€Å"Lisa broke the vase,† Spanish and Japanese speakers would tend to say â€Å"the vase broke itself.† These opposing interpretations may cause different understandings of how events are perceived. Language is a part of culture and a part of behavior. According to the hypothesis of linguistic determinism (Sapir, 1956), â€Å"No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. The worlds in which different societies live are distinct worlds, not merely the same world with different labels attached.† Language and culture are so strongly connected that the precise understanding of the relationship between the two is fundamental in cross-cultural communication. Every country has a different way of greeting with one another and various kinds of gestures they share with each other. Gestures are the motions of the body to communicate with others and to express messages without using words. Gestures all vary around the globe and the meaning of ... ...e Coca-Cola Company is an example of cultural leveling because not only is Coca-Cola sold in America, but it is all across the globe such as South Korea, India and 200 other countries. The positive factor about cultural leveling is that it unifies cultures but the negative is that the cultural originality is lost. Works Cited Billikopf, Gregorio. "Cultural Differences." College of Natural Resources - UC Berkeley. 1 June 2009. Web. 08 Mar. 2011. . Jervis, Nancy. "What Is a Culture?" P-12 : NYSED. The University of the State of New York, 2006. Web. 08 Mar. 2011. . Wescott, Roger Williams. "Diffusion." NEARA Home Page. New England Antiquities Research Association, 2002. Web. 08 Mar. 2011. .

Effect of Exercise on Squeezing a Clothespin

IntroductionDoes exercise make your muscles tired? In my controlled experiment I investigated this problem. My hypothesis was â€Å"If I rest first then I can squeeze the clothespin more times† My reason behind this is because during exercise I think you tire yourself out more, so resting before squeezing could increase number of squeezes. Methods and Materials The materials I used in this experiment were 8 people (subjects) and 8 clothespins of the same type.First I recognized my dependent variable, how many times you can squeeze clothespin, and my independent, exercise. I took a group of 8 classmates, excluding myself and instead including my younger brother. I decided to let the control group also serve as the experimental group. The steps I took were to let the control group rest before starting, and then they squeezed the clothespin for one minute and counted how many times they could squeeze it. After that they rested for another minute, then exercised by jogging in plac e for one minute and after they immediately squeezed the clothespin.Results SubjectExperimental GroupControl Group:Megan 205 226Dane 277 307Nick B 209 235My younger brother 152 136Nick C 194 214Vinny 195 234Dan Average 192 280More subjects squeezed the pin more times resting first. The average of all the data shows this also. Looking at the graph it’s easier to see the results and compare them than the table. The table does not show a visual comparison but shows the data and numerical information. The table takes longer to read and is harder to understand. The bar graph is easy to point out trends and patterns. The bars, exercising and resting give an easy understanding and show relationships in the data. They compare the different amounts of how many times the clothespin was squeezed with each subject.Discussion and ConclusionsExercise does make your muscles fatigued according to my data results. It also supports my hypothesis. If you rest first you can squeeze the clothespi n more times. From the data I collected the average of the eight people concluded exercise makes your muscles more fatigued and less able to squeeze the clothespin compared to resting before squeezing. Majority of the subjects used in my experiment concluded with this result too. Muscle fatigue occurs when the muscles have an increase in activity so certain  waste products of muscle cell activity build up in the cells. This is could be true with the results I have concluded.Suggestions for Improvement and Further ResearchTo improve my experiment I could have changed the amount of time you rest squeeze the pin, how long you rest before exercising, how long you exercise, and what type of exercise is done. Changing some of these things could change my results, and result in some further research to be done. To improve my experiment’s accuracy I could have used more people and have everyone be the same age. A big error made was using my younger brother because being much younge r he had results lower than many other subjects. Making some of these improvements could make my experiment more reliable. For further research I could research how age affects the hypothesis, or see how things like gender or weight effects the results. Further investigation could help answer these questions.

Dog Breeding and Society Essay

Dogs are known to be man’s best friend. Cliche as it may sound like, dogs have proven continually over the centuries since they were first domesticated, just how helpful they can be in human lives. From being mere allies on the hunting grounds during the Neolithic period to adored and prized pets of families, dogs have been trained to take on more and more roles in human society. The domestication and subsequent breeding of dogs began with their ancestors the wolves. During the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods of human history, both man and wolves shared the same objective of hunting and gathering food, as well as the same enemy, the big cats. (Kreiner 4) Perhaps the humans at that time realized the benefits of having canines on their team in hunting and tracking prey that they began capturing wolf cubs and treating them as pets to be raised as hunters. (â€Å"Dogs and People: The History and Psychology of a Relationship†) With the evolution of dogs into many different breeds, people have also come to realize that not all dogs are the same and that is not just in reference to their physical appearance. In terms of utility, some dogs proved to be better suited to specific jobs like hunting and herding. Similarly, an appreciation for the physical and temperamental qualities of different dogs started taking root. From being mere canine companions, dogs started to be bred to fulfill specific duties. Dog breeding started to be a quest to find and develop the perfect specimen of dog breeds according to utility and genetics. HISTORY OF DOG BREEDING Since humans first started noticing the high trainability and utility of dogs, dogs have started to be bred for special purposes. These include hunting and retrieval of game, military and police service, guides for the blind, and erstwhile companions. (â€Å"Dog†) Dog breeding also finds its roots in the 19th century. Dog breeders believed that the public placed a premium on dogs of a specific size, color, physical, and temperamental qualities. This was proven true when the demand for â€Å"quality† puppies from dog breeders rose from purchases made by people seeking canine companionship or those who needed dogs for herding and hunting. Today the â€Å"elite† and prime examples of different dog breeds can often be seen show cased and recognized in Kennel clubs and dog shows held both nationally and internationally. The year 1859 saw the first dog show in Newcastle, England where judges focused mainly on working dogs and their skills rather than appearance. Dogs of different breeds paraded on floors sprinkled with sawdust and the judging was done only by three men. Today, the American Kennel Club (AKC) is one of the largest of such organizations concerned with recognizing exemplary specimens and abilities of registered dog breeds. Various competitions for dogs measuring their performance level at different skills are done on mostly weekend events. The competitions range from criteria based on different types of dogs or skills such as tracking and following commands. (Baldwin, and Norris 1) â€Å"There are three types of competition–conformation, obedience, and agility. The agility ring is the one many people are familiar with, where dogs go through various exercises and around obstacles,† says Adrian Woodfork, a licensed AKC judge†(Stokely 175) The conformation competition is said to be targeted at challenging breeders to improve the quality of purebred dogs through extra careful selection of breeding specimens as well as faithful recording of bloodlines, temperament and hereditary traits. (Stokely 175) Every year the AKC publishes a â€Å"point scale† that lists the number of awards available at each show based on the number of specific breeds involved in the show. Some actually view these competitions as perfect opportunities to learn more about different breeds particularly if there are contemplating buying a dog. THE NEW CAREER DOGS: Dogs bred and trained for specific jobs or purposes In addition to the traditional breeder who turns out show quality or traditional working dogs for either altruism or profit, there is another kind of breeder who caters to a market that requires highly intelligent and even-tempered dogs for modern purposes. Breeding Racing Dogs Kennel owner Maria Beck (Clarke, Wright, and Jones 250) is the owner of the Lightning Ridge Kennel in Kansas City, Kansas. It is from here that she not only breeds and trains champion greyhounds, but is the only known African American woman kennel owner in the business. Of greyhounds, she shares: â€Å"The animals are so graceful. The excitement of seeing them race took my heart and I realized that it was what I wanted to do. † Breeding Police or Military Dogs Dogs also contributed greatly to their human counterparts during wartime. In World War II, the American Kennel Club and a group called â€Å"Dogs for Defense† got together some quality dogs for donation to the Quartermaster corps. German Shepherds, Belgian Sheep Dogs, Doberman Pinschers, Farm Collies and Giant Schnauzers were trained in the new K-9 Corps between 1942 and 1945. These dogs would later end up saving the lives of thousands of men in combat by acting as sentries, â€Å"partners† and friends to the military or civilian guard on patrol as well as being scouts, messengers and mine-detection dogs. (â€Å"Dogs and People: The History and Psychology of a Relationship†) The K-9 program remains in place up to present time with dogs employed in police work of drug and bomb detection as well as search and recovery. â€Å"We look for high-energy dogs that have a high fetch drive, mostly bird dogs, like labradors and golden retrievers,† says Steven Buzzard of the West Virginia Division of Corrections (Clayton 64). Breeding seeing eye dogs The high trainability of certain dog breeds have also made them suitable for other jobs outside of the military and police force. Helen Docherty (â€Å"PUPPY LOVE; Ena Will† 30) is just one of the volunteer â€Å"walkers† who work with dogs at the Guide Dog for the Blind Association in the United Kingdom. Dogs like German shepherds, Labrador retrievers and Golden retrievers in addition to the occasional Boxer and mixed breeds are trained to guide the blind and keep them company. Helen describes her experience as: â€Å"You just have to remember that this dog came for a purpose and it will go on to do what it has been trained to do. The comforting thing is at least you’ve played a part in preparing the dog for the fabulous job in life it is meant for, with a blind person. † Breeding for purebreds Purebred dogs (â€Å"Dog†) are the products of â€Å"inbreeding† or â€Å"line breeding† which just keeps dog mating within just one family bloodline. Inbreeding means that bitches are mated with litter-mates, while line bred dogs are those that are the product or mating between a bitch and its close cousins, grand sire, and so on. These dogs are usually bred to conform to the standards of a certain breed and whose bloodline and lineage (also called pedigree) has been recorded for a prescribed period of time. Kennel Clubs usually keep track of the lineage of registered individual purebreds in order to preserve breed standards. Breeding aimed to diversify gene pool. Some breeders focus mainly on the appearance of their dogs without much regard for its pedigree. Mating dogs that are unrelated to each other through assortative mating, breeders try to solidify positive traits. This is also done when a breeder tries to acquire a lacking trait for his stock by mating one of his dogs with another who displays the desirable trait. Breeding hunting dogs There are also breeders who cater to buyers who need dogs for more specific and utilitarian purposes. Hunting and retrieval dogs are just one of the specialized breeds that enjoy a â€Å"niche† market. So does sporting dogs such as the retrievers, pointers, spaniels and setters. These dogs are especially useful for their ability to track air scents. Ground scent hunters belong to the hound group made up of beagles, foxhounds and bloodhounds. Olden England saw a great demand for this particular kind of breed for their fox hunts and point to point chases. Other dogs that are held in high regard by hunters are the visual hunter greyhound dogs and terriers, which were valuable in hunting burrowing prey. Breeding sheep dogs There were also breeders who specialized in working dogs that are used as herders or guides. This included collies, the German Shepherd and the massive St. Bernard. Ladies who wanted companionship proved to be another market for the breeders. Toy and lap dogs such as the Pekingese and the Pomeranian were elevated to â€Å"status symbols† and cuddly playthings. Other companions were the non-sporting dogs the Boston terrier, the bulldog, the chowchow and the Dalmatian. ISSUES CONCERNING THE BREEDING OF DOGS Whatever the dog owner’s reason is for breeding their dogs, the health and safety of the dogs themselves remain at a risk. In the article â€Å"Eight Good reasons NOT to Breed your Dog† by Dr. Elizabeth L. DeLomba, DVM,(2000) she enumerates the following facts that aspiring breeders may not be aware of: 1. Not all dogs are built to breed. Bitches can die during puppy birth. 2. With the massive rise in pet overpopulation and the numbers of dogs that need to be put down in shelters, there are just too many dogs around. 3. Dogs that are not neutered face serious risk of accidents as unaltered males have high tendencies and urges to roam in search of a female. 4. Unspayed females often attract unwelcome attention from dogs of all breeds. 5. Dog labor is not as easy as some people may think. There are instances when dogs need C-sections in order to birth the puppies. 6. Puppy health and survival are not always assured. 7. Not all dogs have the mothering instinct. Puppies can die due to neglect by their mothers. 8. Preparing puppies for sale won’t necessarily bring breeders a wind fall. There are various expenses such as de-worming, vaccine and neo-natal care that are required for newly born puppies. Some believe that putting dogs in shows are not helping them either. While some may argue that the dogs enjoy the outing, there is the stress of performing in a noisy and often tight space crowded with both humans and dogs. Dutch consulting geneticist E. L. Hagedoorn postulates: â€Å"In the production of economically useful animals, the show ring is more of a menace than an aid to breeding. Once fancy points are introduced into the standard of perfection, the breeders will give more attention to those easily judged qualities than to the more important qualities that do not happen to be of such a nature that we can evaluate them at shows. Showing has nothing to do with utility at all, it is simply a competitive game. † (Burns) There have been criticisms that some judges in the popular dog shows do not even know what work the dogs they are judging are capable of doing. Most of the awards are given to dogs that are â€Å"beautiful† and â€Å"fashionable. † Because of this, some show dog owners have taken to cropping the ears and docking the tails of their dogs for cosmetic purposes. The American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) is opposed to trimming dog ears for cosmetic and show reasons deeming it as a medically unnecessary and stressful procedure for the dogs to undergo. The AVMA has called on the American Kennel Club and other breed associations to ban dogs with cropped ears from dog shows. (353) Backyard breeders who join shows and obsess about winning ribbons rather than improvement and development of the breed usually last around five years before the interest tapers off according to estimates by the AKC. This often leaves dogs who are beautiful but whose functions and skills have been greatly diminished. â€Å"It is a sad but undeniable fact that breeding to a strict standard of physical points is incompatible with breeding for mental qualities. â€Å"(Lorenz 84) Because awards are given to physically perfect dogs, less attention is paid to the temperament and intelligence of both parent dogs this contention has been proved by the fact that various pure breeds of dog did retain their original good character traits until they fell a prey to fashion. (Lorenz 86) In the article â€Å"The Westminster Eugenics Show† by Jonah Goldberg published in the February 13, 2002 edition of â€Å"The New Republic,† he criticizes the way dog shows such as the Westminster has demoted the functionality and intelligence of dogs into just prancing for a beauty pageant. â€Å"The problem is that Westminster does not judge breeds for those traits which rightly make a breed a breed. The Pointers aren’t asked to point (even though the logo of the Westminster Kennel Club has been a pointing Pointer for over a century). The Bassets and Bloodhounds do not track. The Otter Hounds are not tested to see if they could kill, let alone identify, an otter. And so on and so on. â€Å"With the exception of a handful of breeds who were bred to do nothing but either keep your hands warm or wait until some Aztec chef could cook them, not a single breed at Westminster is expected to do what it was bred to do†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Another issue about breeders is the level of responsibility they are credited with in the euthanasia of animals who have not been fortunate to be adopted from the shelters. Just recently, the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) launched a billboard campaign against dog breeders and their patrons saying that breeding dogs diminishes the chances of those in animal shelters of being adopted. On their web site, the PETA claims that despite whatever good treatment the dogs under the care of breeders and their buyers receive, they cannot be called â€Å"responsible breeders. † According to PETA, if there is anything that dog breeders are responsible for, it is the deaths of the dogs at the animal shelters who could have been adopted had not the option of purchasing a puppy or dog from a breeder was available. All these issues however, have been strongly negated by dog breeders and owners alike. On the PETA message board itself discussing the new â€Å"billboards vs. breeders campaign† buyers have stated that if they were open to buying dogs without knowledge of their backgrounds, health and temperament-wise, they would have gone to shelters in the first-place. (â€Å"What’s up now Breeders? â€Å") Similarly, breeders have posted their defense on the message boards saying that the dogs in animal shelters are the products of irresponsible pet ownership as well as uncontrolled expansion of the dog population through â€Å"puppy mills† and feral dogs that have not been either spayed or neutered. ‘TRUE BREEDERS’ IN SEARCH OF THE PERFECT DOG Nobody can take dogs more seriously than a true breeder. The selection and process of dog breeding is both an intricate and rewarding one. Before anything, dog breeders assess the physical and mental characteristics of a prospective breed of dog. These are vital for dog breeders are tasked not only with breeding and turning out physically beautiful show type dogs but also making sure that these dogs are sound and even-tempered. Everybody who has owned more than one dog knows how widely individual canine personalities differ from each other. No two are really alike any more than human beings are, even among twins; but even in human beings it is possible to pick out individual traits and, by combining them, to explain up to a certain extent the different temperaments, though character analysis can never attain the grade of an exact natural science, owing to the infinite complexity of its subject. The dog’s personality is vastly simpler, and it is much easier to explain the peculiarities of different characters by considering the development of certain ‘characteristic’ traits, and their combinations in the individual. (Lorenz 19). The quest for the perfect dog specimen is an intricate process. Dog breeds and bloodlines are produced by mating dogs with certain desirable characteristics with the purpose of producing young that carry a combination of all these characteristics. POSITION While it is true that despite its noble beginnings Dog breeding has turned into something that can be exploited for financial gain, it is thoroughly irresponsible to lump all breeders under one banner. There are some breeders who truly care about their charges and seek only to preserve that particular breed. Perhaps rather than continually blaming one organization or another for the fate endured by shelter dogs, it would be much better to push for stricter laws regarding the sales and ownership of dogs as well as measures for neutering/spaying feral canines. As for the dog shows, it would be wise to remember that it wasn’t the dog’s choice to be there. There is a need to educate both sides of the argument as to the views of the other. They may both have valid points but too radical and extreme thinking can only bring more harm than good. There has to be some form of compromise. CONCLUSION Dogs as well as other domesticated animals have brought much joy and benefits in their co-existence with human beings. Whether it be for companionship or something more utilitarian, dogs have proven to be man’s best friend in ways that other human’s just cannot. People need to be aware however that the human’s mandate of stewardship includes a responsibility to all creatures under their care. Humans are the stewards of their canine companions. Caring for dogs does not stop at simply feeding them. Bottom line however is whether human or pets, every living thing is entitled to security, protection from harm and respect. It is just a pity and a vast shame that dogs cannot talk and that they cannot be asked what they think of their status and existence in human society. Works Cited Baldwin, Cheryl K. , and Patricia A. Norris. â€Å"Exploring the Dimensions of Serious Leisure: â€Å"Love Me – Love My Dog! â€Å". † Journal of Leisure Research 31. 1 (1999): 1. Burns, Patrick. â€Å"From Rosettes to Ruin: Making and Breaking Dogs in the Show Ring. † Terrierman. com. Clarke, Robyn D. , Mark W. Wright, and Chandrika M. Jones. â€Å"Running with the Big Dogs. † Black Enterprise Feb. 2000: 250. Clayton, Susan L. â€Å"Teaching Dogs New Tricks. † Corrections Today June 1999: 64. DeLomba, Elizabeth. â€Å"Eight Good Reasons Not to Breed Your Dog. â€Å"WorkingDogs. 2000 Workingdogs. com 3 Oct 2007. â€Å"Dogs and People: The History and Psychology of a Relationship. † Journal of Business Administration and Policy Analysis : 54+. Goldberg, Jonah. â€Å"Westminster Eugenics Show. † National Review Online. 13 February 2002. nationalreview. com 3 Oct2007 Kreiner, Judith. â€Å"A Look at Friends: Man and His Dog. † The Washington Times 12 Feb. 2000: 4. Lorenz, Konrad. Man Meets Dog. London: Routledge, 2002. â€Å"PUPPY LOVE; Ena Will Soon Be a Guide Dog Thanks to the Care and Training of One Woman. † Daily Record (Glasgow, Scotland) 2 Feb. 2006: 30. Stokely, Sonja Brown. â€Å"Gone to the Dogs. † Black Enterprise Dec. 2000: 175.